Ras Mohamed lands are desert lands. There is no denying that. As rich and as diverse the flora and fauna off the coast are, the land is barren with very sparse vegetation.
However, apart from the mangrove trees,(which are dealt with in the next section) there are some very interesting plants that have evolved over millions of years and can now endure the harsh desert climate with its extremely cold nights and very hot mornings. But most important, it has evolved to sustain on a minimal amount of water. In that, they have developed elaborate techniques of storing the waters of the very infrequent rains. They have learned to plunge deep with their roots so as to reach the subterranean water aquifers. Or simply, they collect moisture, such as morning dew, through their leaves.
Much of the vegetation here have also developed sophisticated thorn structures to reflect the heat off. These plants provide food and shelter for the scattered wildlife that is found here in the park. Together, they sustain each other in the very delicate balance of life found here on the lands of Ras Mohamed

Plant species found in the Ras Mohamed National Park are mainly of the tropical Sudanic-Zambesian, as well as the arid Saharo-Arabian groups. To this day, no one is certain how many species there are exactly but rough estimates put the figure around 80 to 90 species. These species are ephemeral and are dependent on the flash floods that occur on the whole but some perennial stocks exist as well. Consisting mainly of coastal plains, much of the flora which is found is halophyte, such as the mangroves, but many succulents can be seen too.

The most prominent flora in Ras Mohamed is the ancient acacia trees. Different to its African cousin found on the Savannah in its intake of water, these trees grow at a very slow rate and far from each other. Their roots extend up to 25 meters below the surface to reach the subterranean waters. Mentioned in the Bible, they are an essential component of desert life and provide food and shelter for camels and the grazing herds. With its wide umbrella-like structure, this tree usually provides the only shelter from the heat to man as well.
Tamarisks are quite common here as well and there are also few palm-date growths.
Furthermore there are many shrub species which are used elsewhere in the Sinai for fodder. However, it is the local Bedouin population that takes the best advantage of some of the endemic flora here, which is said to have great medicinal value.